Scientists at the University of California gave salmonella to mice at either 10Am or 10PM. The mice that were given salmonella at 10PM fared much better than the mice that were given salmonella at 10AM. Scientists already knew that this happened in fruit flies, but this was the first evidence of it occurring in mammals. It is known that most organisms use molecular timekeepers called circadian clocks to set daily rhythms. In mammals, a main clock in the brain corresponds with clocks throughout their tissues and organs. These scientists were able to genetically engineer the mice to get rid of this molecular clock. They then repeated the same experiment as before. This time their results showed that both time groups had similar reactions from the Salmonella. This information could be useful to humans because it might be more useful to give antibiotics at a certain time in the day to be most effective at fighting the infection.
NOS Themes:
Science is Based on Evidence- The scientists tested this with many mice to make sure that their results were accurate.
Science is Collaborative- There were many scientists that worked on this project that help to get these results.
Mitchell Gardner Hour:2
Interesting article, and I found out that circadian clocks do more than just regulate the body's daily rhythms, they also regulate more than fifteen percent of your genes. Disrupting its day-night cycle can profoundly influence a person's health.
ReplyDeletehttp://www.news-medical.net/news/20130601/Circadian-rhythms-can-boost-bodys-ability-to-fight-intestinal-bacterial-infections-say-researchers.aspx
This proves that rest can in fact help you fight illnesses. By using this type of research, humans might effectively be able to fight more serious diseases.
ReplyDeleteIf I Told You Once I Told You A Million Times…:
ReplyDeleteLearn-Update Sleep, Genetics, Some Brain Disorders.
Sleep http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6133/659.13.short
Identical Twins http://www.sciencemag.org/content/340/6133/659.8.short
Depression http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/350401/description/Bodys_clock_linked_to_depression_
Treatment Time
http://www.sciencenews.org/view/generic/id/350677/description/Response_to_bacterial_infection_depends_on_time_of_day
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Re-Comprehend Sleep
Genes are life’s primal organisms, evolved from RNA nucleotides by the ubiquitous natural selection. Originally they were active ONLY during daylight time, at the pre bio-metabolism era.
Thus sleep is innate for all organisms, including for the genomes, which are the template organisms evolved by the RNAs for their own survival activities, as all life evolves for the purpose of supporting the RNAs survival.
The most essential energy requirements for organisms is for the nightly housecleaning of their neural system centers (tryptophan to serotonin to melatonin). As bio-metabolism evolved it furnished indirect energy for this purpose, enabling adaptable flexible sleep times for the organisms.
Learn/re-comprehend sleep…
Dov Henis (comments from 22nd century)
http://universe-life.com/
http://universe-life.com/2013/05/02/henis-worldview-database/
PS:
Genome is a base organism evolved, and continuously modified, by the genes of its higher organism as its functional template.
DH
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Epigenomics?
From
http://universe-life.com/2011/12/13/21st-century-science-whence-and-whither/
5. Natural Selection is a trait of organisms, life?
No. Natural selection is ubiquitous for ALL mass formats, all spin arrays. It derives from the expansion of the universe. All mass formats, regardless of size and type, from black holes to the smallest particles, strive to increase their constrained energy in attempt to postpone their own reconversion to energy, to the energy that fuels cosmic expansion.
6. Life is an enigma?
Life is just another type of mass array, a self-replicating mass array. Earth life is a replicating RNAs mass. It has always been and still is an RNA world. ALL Earth’s organisms are evolved RNAs, evolved for maintaining-enhancing Earth’s biosphere, for prolonging RNAs survival.
7. Cells are Earth-life’s primal organisms?
NO. Earth’s life day one was the day on which RNA began replicating. RNAs, genes, are ORGANISMS. And so are their evolved templates, (RNA and DNA) genomes, ORGANISMS, as evidenced by life’s chirality and by life’s sleep.
8. Circadian Schmircadian sleep origin?
Sleep is inherent for life via the RNAs, the primal Earth ORGANISMS originated and originally active only under direct sunlight, in their pre-biometabolism genesis era.
9. Epigenetics are heritable gene functions changes not involving changes in DNA sequence?
The “heritable or enduring changes” are epiDNAtics, not epigenetics. Alternative splicing is not epigenetics, even if/when not involving alteration of the DNA sequence. Earth life is an RNA world.
10.Genetics drive biology and culture modifications?
NO. It is culture that modifies genetics, not genetics that modifies culture. Culture modifies genetics simply via the evolutionary natural selection process of the RNA ORGANISMS. Likewise many natural genetic changes are due to aging and/or circumstantial effects on the genes and/or genomes ORGANISMS, similar to aging and/or evolutionary processes in monocell communities or in multicelled organisms.
SCIENCE SHOULD UNFREEZE. SCIENCE SHOULD ADJUST ITS VISION, COMPREHENSION AND CONCEPTS.
Dov Henis (Comments From 22nd Century)
Seed of Human-Chimp Genomes Diversity
http://dovhenis.wordpress.com/2011/07/10/seed-of-human-chimp-genomes-diversity/
Universe-Energy-Mass-Life Compilation
http://universe-life.com/2012/02/03/universe-energy-mass-life-compilation/